Sometimes called a “contour” survey, this type of survey is used to determine the elevations throughout a piece of property by taking into account not only the horizontal boundaries of your land, but also the vertical features, both natural and man-made (e.g., trees, hills, ravines, poles, walkways, streams, etc.). A topographic survey can serve a number of vital purposes, but especially if you are planning improvements on your land that could affect the landscape.